CSS: The Basics - ID's and Classes by Eric McArdle
Css
Cascading Style Sheets
Two types of style sheets: Internal and External
Internal - You insert your style code right into your html code. These
stylesheets should only be used if you are intending to create a specific page
with a specific style. If you want to be able to make global changes to your
website using only one style sheet, you have to use....
External Stylesheets - Instead of putting all the style code into your html
code, you can create a single document with your css code and link to it within
your webpages code. It would look something like this
<head> <title>Webpage title< itle> <link rel="stylesheet"
type="text/css" href="http://www.yourdomain.com/css"> </head>
If you decide to use an internal stylesheet, you have to put your css style
wihin the following tags:
<style type="text/css"> </style>
All css or links to the external stylesheets have to go in between the
<head> tags
Now about Css Classes vs. ID's
The one major difference between a class and an id is that classes can be used
multiple times within the same page while an Id can only be used once per page.
Example:
ID - The global navigation of your site, or a navigation bar. A footer, header,
etc. Only items that appear in only one place per page.
Class - Anything that you would use multiple times in your page, such as
titles, subtitles, headlines, and the like.
Creating ID 's
To create an Id in your css, you would start with the number sign (#) and then
your label of the id. Here's an example
#navigation { float:left; }
To insert the id in your html, you would do something like this
<div id="navigation"> </div>
You can also insert an id within another one like this
<div id="navigation"> <div id="left">
</div> </div>
Remember to close the id's in order.
Now, onto css classes.
Creating Classes
To create a class in your css, use this
.subtitle { color: #000000; }
To insert the class into your html, do this
<p class="subtitle" </p
Now, you can use the same class repeatedly in the same page unlike Id's.
I also want to tell you something about link attributes. You should always keep
them in this order:
a { color: #006699; text-decoration: none; font-size: 100%; }
a:link { color: #006699; text-decoration: none; }
a:visited { color: #006699; text-decoration: none; }
a:hover { color: #0000FF; text-decoration: underline; }
a:active { color: #FF0000 }
Of course, you can change the colors and text-decorations. This is just
something I cut out of my code!
Okay, these are the basics. What I highly recommend is to go and download
Topstyle Lite by going here:
http://www.bradsoft.com opstyle
slite/index.asp
It's free and is a very helpful css editor. It not only color codes and
organizes your code, but it provides you with tons of attributes that you can
add to your class and id elements with just a click. They also provide a screen
at the bottom to view your css code as you create it. Very useful for a free
edition and I'm looking to buy the pro version soon.
Now, this was just a very very brief explanation of the vital elements needed
when structuring your css. I have a good feeling that when you download top
style lite, you will learn how to use the hundreds of attributes in your
classes and id's
Good Luck in Your Web Designing Efforts!
About the Author
Eric McArdle is the publisher of the TrafficaZine Online Marketing Newsletter
which is a publication designed to assist the online marketing and/or web
designing entrepreneur with the basic tools and Subscriptions that will greatly
assist them in taking further steps into bettering their online business.
http://www.trafficazine.com
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