eXtensible Markup Language2 by Tahir Liaqat
2.0 Grid Grid
Computing is a way of organizing computing Subscriptions in such a way that they
are flexible, easy to access and useful in many other ways as well for users.
The objective of Grid computing is to make Subscriptions available so they can be
more efficiently utilized. The original purpose behind Grid computing was to
link together supercomputers spread across wide distances, but the aims have
since moved beyond this scope. There are many organizations, which are
efficiently maintaining data grid for the help of users. The main core of these
organizations is to provide the ease to the users while they are using any sort
of data for any purpose. There are some predefined standard for grid. The data
grid is a good example of an interoperable system. Many Grid implementations
are oriented toward supplying specific types of Subscriptions. Grids can be
categorized according to these Subscriptions. The most common types of Grids are
Computational Grids, Data Grids, and Application Grids. There are many data
grid which are currently serving a lot number of users across the world e.g.
NASA Information Power Grid, AstroGrid, European Data Grid etc.Grid can be
divided into two main categories the way it store data: Structured Grid
Structured grids we always know which neighbors will be around any grid point.
Unstructured Grid For unstructured grids the neighboring points are not
immediately available.
2.1 Data Grid
The data grid emphasizes its role as a specialization and extension of the Grid
that has emerged as an integrating infrastructure for distributed computation.
Data grid is a subset of grid, whose basic goal is to give an integrated
infrastructure for distributed computing. Access to distributed data is
typically as important as access to distributed computational Subscriptions. Term
Data Grid is used for different purposes: Data Grid terms for a virtual data
grid The automation of the execution of processes is managed in virtual data
grids Data Grid terms for a distributed resilient scalable architecture
Federated server architecture refers to the ability of distributed servers to
talk among themselves without having to communicate through the initiating
client Data Grid terms for an information repository abstraction
It is a software system that is used to control combinations of semantic tags
and the associated value of data attributes. Data Grid terms for a storage
repository abstraction It is a storage system that holds digital entities Data
Grid terms for a logical name space
It is a naming convention for grouping digital entities [Moore,R.W.,merzky,A.,
2002]. XML is really worked hard to catch the most of capabilities that are
require for distributing computing but it still have a lot of room left for
improvement in these fields. XML cope well with data integration, data
interoperability and grid problems. Grid is very important for heterogeneous
computing.
3.0 Data Integration
The most important and recurring problem that XML able to solve is middle tire
data integration. This problem is difficult for several reasons. Data coming
from different sources can have different formats, and if the application code
is exposed directly to these different formats. It is bad enough that a single
application has to have code to handle the multiple formats [Reaz Hoque2000].
It plays a very important role in the management of heterogeneous databases.
There are many different ways to integrate the individual databases. One is
known as system overhaul technique in which a new system is created that
consolidate the existing systems into one system. This option can be costly in
some cases. The federation technique allows users to choose from the variety of
individual database schemas. The composite technique, the mediated technique,
the cover up technique, and the data warehousing technique the goal of all
these and many more that may come with the passage of time is and will be, the
technique should be affordable, quick and easy to handled and that does not
require a large amount of investment of capital and other related Subscriptions
when integrating databases. XML adopt the composite technique, the method of
working of this technique is it creates a virtual data warehouse, which
provides the feel of single repository, and it also allows data to remain in
its natural distributing settings. XML enables intelligent client side
processing; it also has the ability to change presentation of data dynamically
without unwieldy and time consuming interaction with server. On middle tire XML
ideally suited to address the many of persistent data integration problems that
infect the enterprise application. And XML is also very good with data storage
and retrieval medium.
4.0 Data Interoperability
There are many definitions available for interoperability. Many group of people
look at it in different way. Ability of a system to use the parts or equipment
of another system [Loesgen Dictionary 2000] or It is ability to transfer data
products between different types of storage systems or share the data across
different users or networks. But its function does not change with the change
of word in its definition. One of the most important and fundamental feature
required for distributed computing in heterogeneous environment. It gives a
meaningful way for the presentation of data, and also gives permission to
distribute it. XML allow data to be shared across the web not only within local
network but also across the networks of the networks in a quite easy way just
by giving meaningful structure to the data. It is platform independent and
application independent and is well capable of mediating interactions between
various Grid components. Types of interoperability Supporting multiple devices
Enterprise: Inter application Inter process Inter departmental Inter enterprise
Here are some major achievements of XML in term of interoperability. XML
Interoperability to talk to multiple devices. Its uses SOAP to implement a
pub/sub message monitor. The BizTalk initiative and how they combine to
facilitate XML interchange.
Conclusion
Although XML was initially envisioned as simply a replacement for HTML, but its
impact is turning out to be far grater than that. By giving a healthy affect on
the client-tire, the middle-tire, and the backend-tire. It handles every tire
very well that is a big plus point of XML. Different other programming
languages are using XML now days due to its open end structure. Compared to the
object-oriented one, the relational model is not the most appropriate for
storing XML data. The only reason is when it just stores XML data then it
convert into plain text, so many thing wrong can happened with it, like
relations. Technology shows that there are many interesting problems concerned
with the use of XML and databases together. The described use of XML and its
associated technologies in databases and its importance in data warehousing, we
just can not ignore XML's importance, the only thing which is needed that the
future work of XML may make it, a complete data model and the work with other
technologies. We can take it as semi structure data, which use Object Exchange
Model for data modeling. This model actually used for semi-structure data
models and use different approaches to make its use in DBMS. Using XML source
for feeding data warehouse systems will become a standard in the next few
years. Much of work has been done and still in progress by different people and
organizations to make a maximum use of XML with other technologies. XML is
brought many changes as compare to HTML; it is really flexible and extensible
markup language. In the end I would like to say that XML is flourishing day by
day and its use is incredibly increased during last years, because of its
flexibility and extensibility. XML real deal well with the issue of data
integration, interoperability and grid computing though it is not perfect in
these field but progress is still continuous. For more topic on related field
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